Sciatic nerve symptoms (sciatica) include pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness originating in the lower back or buttock and radiating down one leg. The sensation often feels like a burning, sharp, or electric shock, commonly worsening with sitting, coughing, or sneezing.
Sciatica happens when something irritates or presses on the sciatic nerve. The most common reasons include:
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Herniated disc: A disc in the lower back bulges and touches the nerve.
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Tight muscles: Especially the piriformis muscle in the buttock.
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Spinal wear‑and‑tear: Age‑related changes like bone spurs.
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Spinal narrowing (stenosis): Less space for the nerve to move.
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Injury: Falls, lifting accidents, or sudden twisting.
